LECTURE: THE VALUE OF ABSURDITY

What is absurdity?  What do you immediately think of when you think of the word?  What comes to mind?  Do you use the word, or a derivative of the word, often in your everyday speech?  What have you called “absurd” in the last week?  A particular situation?  The actions of a particular person?  The decisions of the government?  

The dictionary defines “absurd” as “contrary to all reason or common sense; laughably foolish.”  This week we will be discussing selections that contain some elements of “absurdity.”  It will be your job to determine what about the situation is absurd, or how it could be perceived so.

In Jackson’s “The Lottery,” be prepared to answer the question of absurdity—what about/in the story is absurd?—but also how this absurdity applies to you/us today.  What about this story interests you?  Shocks you?  Makes you think?  An absurd piece in literature is designed to do just that, after all.  Many times, the author will purposely write something absurd to force you to investigate.  What do you think are the author’s intentions in this story? What is the theme; what is this story REALLY about?  How is this selection similar or dissimilar to other selections we’ve read thus far?

Be prepared.  Williams’ “The Red Wheelbarrow” is deceptively short, so much so that many students first experiencing it assume that it is absurd (in the “laughably foolish” sense):  Why would anyone write something like this?  What on earth was the author attempting to say?  But that’s the point.  You’re going to have to “dig in” for these answers.  Begin by asking yourself:  What is the setting?  How could that be important?  What’s HAPPENING in this poem?  Identify the ACTION of the poem.  (There is action, just look for it.)  What is the author’s POINT?  How does this work together?  What is symbolic in this poem?   Analyze words—think about the selections:  why a chicken?  why not a giraffe?  why the farm?  why not an inner-city?  Sometimes it helps to think about the choices the author DIDN’T choose.   

In Auden’s “The Unknown Citizen,” really focus on how this applies to us today.  Do you think this is an accurate portrayal of our society?  In general, or as a whole?  Really think about what this poem says.    What is absurd, would you think, about what the poem itself and/or what it has to say? What is the author’s intent, do you think?  Do you think things have changed since the author wrote this?  Why or why not?  Be sure to relate this to what is going on today—in what we read and see.   What does this poem remind you of?

Having said all this, I would like to further encourage you to consider the literary definition of what is Absurd: 

“In contemporary literature and criticism, a term applied to the sense that human beings, cut off from their roots, live in meaningless isolation in an alien universe.  Although the literature of the absurd employs many of the devices of expressionism and surrealism, its philosophical base is a form of existentialism that views human beings as moving from the nothingness from which they came to the nothingness in which they will end through an existence marked by anguish and absurdity.  They live in a world in which there is no way to establish a significant relationship between themselves and their environment” (from A Handbook to Literature, by William Harmon and C. Hugh Holman, 8th edition, Prentice Hall, 2000).

How does this alter your views on absurdity in the selections we’re reading for this week?  How does this definition change the way you perceive the individual selections?  Be sure to respond to the differences between the dictionary’s definition of absurdity and the literary definition of absurdity.  How does this enhance your views on the particular selections? 

DIRECTIVE:

Write three one-page responses to the readings and one Creative Response.